Applied Value of Electroencephalogram in Assessment of Mild Psychiatry Impairment / 法医学杂志

Objective To explore the applied value of electroencephalogram (EEG) in assessment of psychiatric impairment among patients with mental disorders due to traumatic brain injury.Methods According to the ICD-10,a total of 271 subjects were enrolled and assessed with the criterion of mental disorders due to traumatic brain injury.Activity of Daily Living Scale (ADL),Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ) and Social Disability Screening Schedule (SDSS) were used to evaluate the severity of patients.All the participants were tested by Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) and examined by EEG.Results Totally 215 patients accomplished the study.The results of Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS),the severity of craniocerebral injury and the scores of FAQ,SDSS and ADL showed significant difference among the patients with different severity of EEG (P＜0.05).The grades of psychiatric impairment showed significant difference among the patients with different abnormal EEG (P＜0.05).Conclusion EEG can reflect the severity of craniocerebral injury,assist evaluate the social function and activity of daily living of patients with mental disorders due to traumatic brain injury,and distinguish the mild psychiatric impairment grades,which suggest that EEG has a certain reference value in the assessment of psychiatric impairment.

Trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone for first-line treatment of HER2-positive advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer: a Phase III, multi-center, randomized controlled trial, Chinese subreport / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in the first-line treatment of HER-2-positive advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifteen Chinese research centers are involved in the BO18255 (ToGA) study. Patients with gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer were eligible for inclusion if their tumor showed overexpression of HER-2 protein by immunohistochemistry +++ or FISH-positive. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive a chemotherapy regimen consisting of capecitabine or 5-FU plus cisplatin or chemotherapy in combination with intravenous trastuzumab. The primary endpoint was overall survival.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eighty-five Chinese patients were enrolled in this study, of whom 84 were included in the primary analysis: trastuzumab plus chemotherapy (FP/H) (n = 36) and chemotherapy alone (FP)(n = 48). The median follow-up was 15.2 months in the FP/H group and 14.2 months in the FP group. The median survival time was 12.6 months in the FP/H group compared with 9.7 months in the FP group [hazard ratio 0.72, 95%CI (0.40; 1.29)]. Grade 3/4 adverse events were higher in the FP/H(63.9%)than FP (47.9%) groups, including neutropenia, vomiting and nausea. Two mild cardiac adverse events occurred in the FP/H group. Severe adverse events occurred in 3 cases of both two groups, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Addition of trastuzumab to chemotherapy is well tolerated and shows improved survival in Chinese patients with advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer. These results are consistent with the results of ToGA whole population trial. Trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy can be considered as a new option for patients with HER-2-positive advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer.</p>

Efficacy and safety of bevacizumab plus chemotherapy in Chinese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: a randomized phase III ARTIST trial / 癌症

The efficacy and safety of bevacizumab with modified irinotecan, leucovorin bolus, and 5-fluorouracil intravenous infusion (mIFL) in the first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) has not been well evaluated in randomized clinical trials in Chinese patients. We conducted a phrase III trial in which patients with previously untreated mCRC were randomized 2:1 to the mIFL [irinotecan (125 mg/m(2)), leucovorin (20 mg/m(2)) bolus, and 5-fluorouracil intravenous infusion (500 mg/m(2)) weekly for four weeks every six weeks] plus bevacizumab (5 mg/kg every two weeks) group and the mIFL group, respectively. Co-primary objectives were progression-free survival (PFS) and 6-month PFS rate. In total, 214 patients were enrolled. Our results showed that addition of bevacizumab to mIFL significantly improved median PFS (4.2 months in the mIFL group vs. 8.3 months in the bevacizumab plus mIFL group, P < 0.001), 6-month PFS rate (25.0% vs. 62.6%, P < 0.001), median overall survival (13.4 months vs. 18.7 months, P = 0.014), and response rate (17% vs. 35%, P = 0.013). Grades 3 and 4 adverse events included diarrhea (21% in the mIFL group and 26% in the bevacizumab plus mIFL group) and neutropenia (19% in the mIFL group and 33% in the bevacizumab plus mIFL group). No wound-healing complications or congestive heart failure occurred. Our results suggested that bevacizumab plus mIFL is effective and well tolerated as first-line treatment for Chinese patients with mCRC. Clinical benefit and safety profiles were consistent with those observed in pivotal phase III trials with mainly Caucasian patients.

Inhibition of angiogenesis of LCI-D20 hepatocellular carcinoma by metronomic chemotherapy of S-1 / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of metronomic chemotherapy of S-1 on angiogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma in animal model.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>S-1 was dissolved in a 0.5% (w/v) HPMC solution. 30 LCI-D20 were randomly devided into five groups: control group(O), 10 mg * kg(-1) * d(-1) S-1 group (A), 1 mg * kg(-1) * d(-1) S-1 group (B), 0.5 mg * kg(-1) * d(-1) S-1 group (C) and 0.25 mg * kg(-1) * d S-1 group (D). 28 days after the treatment with 0.5% (w/v) HPMC solution, tumors in LCI-D20 mice were moved out. Tumor mass was measured and microvessel density (MVD) was used to evaluate angiogenesis in tumor. The cellular apoptosis was determined using flow cytometry. The expression of VEGF, bFGF and TSP-1 was measured by RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean tumor mass was 2.01, 0.38, 1.12, 1.38, 2.27 g in O, A, B, C, D group, respectively. The mean MVD was 39.57, 19.90, 5.93, 17.10, 29.53 in O, A, B, C, D respectively. The mean tumor cellular apoptosis rate was 4.08%, 44.37%, 31.73%, 19.83%, and 8.25% in O, A, B, C, D respectively. The expression of VEGF and bFGF in O group was highest, and A was slightly low, and C and D taked the third place, and B was the lowst; The expression of TSP-1 in B was highest, and C and D were slightly low, and A taked the third place, and O was the lowst.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Metronomic chemotherapy of S-1 destabilizes pre-existing tumor vasculature and inhibits ongoing angiogenesis.</p>

Time trends and characteristics of gastric cancer incidence in urban Shanghai / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the time trends during 1973 - 2004 and the current characteristics of gastric cancer incidence in Shanghai and to develop strategies for control and prevention.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>All data from the Malignant Cancer Registry System of Shanghai were retrieved and time trends of male and female incidence rates for gastric cancer in urban population from 1973 to 2004 were assessed by annual percentage change (APC) of the crude rates and age-adjusted rates. The APC was calculated by fitting a least squares regression line to the natural logarithm of the rates, using the calendar year as a regressor variable. Based on the computerized data from 2002 to 2004, the current characteristics of urban gastric cancer incidence were analyzed regarding sex, age, stage at diagonsis, histopathologic type and location of the tumor (s). The number and structure of population were obtained from Shanghai Municipal Public Security Bureau. The incidence rates were standardized under the world population. The constituent ratios were analyzed by Chi-square test. Statistical analyses were performed with the SPSS software package for Windows, version 10.0.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Substantially and continuously decreasing trends were noticed in gastric cancer incidence during the past 32 years in urban Shanghai, both in males and in females. The age-standardized rates (ASR) dropped 54.4% in males and 37.6% in females. From 2002 to 2004, 7630 new cases of gastric cancer were registered in urban Shanghai with the ASRs of male and female gastric cancer as 27.4 and 14.0 per 100 000. Under the age of 40, the age-specific incidence was quite low that no differences were found between men and women. However, the incidence increased significantly after age of 40 and differences of increase were shown between the two sexes. About 46.1% of all the cases had detailed records of TNM stage, in which IV stage was the majority while I stage the least. About 74.1% of all the cases were diagnosed histopathologically and 71.7% of all had detailed records on histopathologic types. Adenocarcinoma was the most common type (76.8%), followed by signet ring cell carcinoma (9.4%). The proportions of adenocarcinoma and tubular adenocarcinoma were higher in males than in females while signet ring cell cancer was higher in females than in males. Intestinal type gastric cancer was the most prominent type in Lauren system. The proportion of male was higher than female in intestinal type whereas female was higher than male in diffused type. In lesion location, the antrum was the most common tumor site. The gastric antrum cancer of females was more common than males while the gastric cardia cancer presented quite the contrary. The proximal gastric cancer was more prevalent in males than in females whereas the distal gastric cancer was in opposite pattern.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A dramatic decreasing trend during 1973 - 2004 and several current and interesting characteristics in view of gender, age, stage at diagnosis, histopathologic type and tumor location of gastric cancer in urban Shanghai were determined in this study, which might contribute to the development of control and prevention strategy for gastric cancer.</p>

Study on the prevalence of depression among cancer patients and its influencing factors in Shanghai / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the prevalence of depression among cancer patients and its influencing factors.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We investigated 7967 cancer patients who lived in communities with cluster sampling based on 'Shanghai Cancer Patient Database'. They were investigated through questionnaires and completed the Zung Self-rating Scale. 6694 questionnaires were identified as 'qualified'. We calculated the prevalence of depression and determined the factors with logistic regression model.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The prevalence rate of depression among cancer patients in communities was 24.74% (95% CI: 23.71% - 25.79%). Results from multi-factor analysis showed that duration since diagnosis, stages at diagnosis, metastasis, therapeutics, KPS scores, and pain VAS scores were the important factors.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Early detection, improving the curative effect and providing community health services could reduce the prevalence of depression.</p>

Expressions of nm23, P53 and S100A4 proteins and their relationships with metastasis potential in gastric carcinoma / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression levels of nm23, P53, and S100A4 in gastric carcinoma and their relationships with clinicopathologic parameters and metastasis potential.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Pathological specimens from gastric carcinoma,matched para-tumor tissues, metastatic lymph node and distant metastatic tissues were examined for the expression levels of nm23, P53, and S100A4 proteins by tissue microarray technique and immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression levels of P53 and S100A4 were upregulated (P< 0.01), while the expression of nm23 downregulated (P< 0.05) in gastric carcinoma compared with non-tumor tissues. S100A4 expression was significantly higher in distant metastatic tissues, while nm23 lower in metastatic lymph nodes than those in cancer tissues. Upregulating expression levels of nm23, P53, and S100A4 were significantly correlated with some malignant behaviour of gastric cancer. The expression rates of nm23+/P53+, P53+/S100A4+, and nm23+/S100A4+ immunohistochemical phenotypes were 48/74 (64.9%), 50/74 (67.6%), and 39/74 (52.7%). P53+/S100A4+, nm23+/S100A4+, and nm23+/P53+/S100A4+ phenotypes were associated with high metastasis potential of gastric cancer.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Alteration of nm23, P53, and S100A4 expression may contribute to the development of gastric carcinoma. Nm23 and S100A4 proteins play a critical role in tumor metastasis. Co-detection of the expression of P53, nm23, and/or S100A4 can be used to evaluate high metastasis potential of gastric cancer.</p>

Clinical study of zoledronic acid in the treatment of cancer-induced hypercalcemia / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect and safety of zoledronic acid (Zoledex) in patients with cancer-induced hypercalcemia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventeen patients with cancer-induced hypercalcemia (corrected blood calcium > 2.70 mmol/L) were treated intravenously by 4 mg zoledex within 15 minutes on the first day. The corrected blood calcium was observed every 4 days in the following 28 days.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The response rate was 94.1% (16/17). The mean corrected blood calcium became normal after the first dose of zoledex (P < 0.01). The lowest value was found on the fourteenth day after treatment. The main side effects consisted of fever (29.4%, 5/17), hypocalcemic tetany (11.8%, 2/17) and arythmia (5.9%, 1/17).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Zoledex is effective and safe in the treatment of patient with cancer-induced hypercalcemia.</p>

Cryosurgical ablation for 23 cases of prostate cancer guided by rectal ultrasound / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To detect the short-term clinical and side effects of cryosurgical ablation for prostate cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The ENDOCAm cryosurgical system with 2 mm Cryo-probes was used to treat the prostate cancer guided by rectal ultrasonic. 1. Completeness of freeze; 2. Complications; 3. The changes of PSA and PSMA before and after operation were observed respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1. The completeness of freeze rate and non-completeness of freeze rate were 34.8% (8/23) and 65.2% (15/23) showed by MRI 3 weeks later after operation; the biopsy results showed that tumor positive rates in completeness of freeze group and non-completeness of freeze group were 0 and 20% (3/15) respectively after 6 months. 2. The incontinence rate was 13%, and all recovered during 1 month; and the erectile dysfunction rate post-operation was 56.2% (9/16). 3. The levels of PSA before and after cryosurgical ablation were (32.98 +/- 35. 50) microg/L, (11.65 +/- 26. 51) microg/L respectively (P < 0.05). PSMA increased significantly after the cryosurgical ablation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The short-term curative effects of cryosurgical ablation, which guided by rectal ultrasound for prostate cancer is satisfied with low complication rate and minor vulnus.</p>

Experimental study on arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis of human pan creatic cancer cell line / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To study the effect of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) on human pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis (mainly early stage) in vitro. Methods: SW1990 cells line were trea ted with As2O3 at different concentration. Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT and apoptosis by Annexin-Ⅴ-fluostaining, electron-microscopy, flow cytometry and immunocytochemical staining of Bcl-2 and Bax. Results: As2O3 and cisplatin had the same cytotoxity on SW1990. The cytotoxic effe ct on tumor cell was produced by induction of apoptosis. Twelve hours after cult ure with 10 μg/ml As2O3, much more SW1990 cells went into apoptosis than t he control. The apoptosis rate reached 24% after 48 h with the similar concentra tion of As2O3. Immunohistochemical study revealed that the expression of Bcl -2 was decreased after treated with As2O3. Conclusion: As 2O3 can depress the proliferation of SW1990 in vitro, mainly through the i nduction of apoptosis, and it is a potential agent for pancreatic cancer chemoth erapy.

Inhibitory effect of ginsenoside Rg3 on tumor neoangiogenesis / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To study the mechanism of inhibitory ef fect of ginsenoside Rg3 on tumor growth. Methods: The chick chor ioallantoic membrane(CAM) test and Lewis lung carcinoma model were used to inves tigate the inhibitory effect of Rg3 on tumor angiogenesis. Results: Rg3(0.1 or 0.5 mmol/L) obviously inhibited angiogenesis in the CAM. Treatmen t with Rg3 in vivo obviously inhibited Lewis lung carcinoma growth with the inhibition ratio from 23% to about 47%. We also observed that the angiogenesis in implanted Lewis lung carcinoma tissue decreased obviously after treated wit h Rg3 (5, 10, 20 mg/kg). Conclusion: Rg3 can obviously inhibit t he growth of Lewis lung cancer, the inhibitory effect partially due to the effec t of Rg3 inhibiting neovascularization induced by malignant tumor.

Experimental study on arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis of human pan creatic cancer cell line / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To study the effect of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) on human pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis (mainly early stage) in vitro. Methods: SW1990 cells line were trea ted with As2O3 at different concentration. Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT and apoptosis by Annexin-Ⅴ-fluostaining, electron-microscopy, flow cytometry and immunocytochemical staining of Bcl-2 and Bax. Results: As2O3 and cisplatin had the same cytotoxity on SW1990. The cytotoxic effe ct on tumor cell was produced by induction of apoptosis. Twelve hours after cult ure with 10 μg/ml As2O3, much more SW1990 cells went into apoptosis than t he control. The apoptosis rate reached 24% after 48 h with the similar concentra tion of As2O3. Immunohistochemical study revealed that the expression of Bcl -2 was decreased after treated with As2O3. Conclusion: As 2O3 can depress the proliferation of SW1990 in vitro, mainly through the i nduction of apoptosis, and it is a potential agent for pancreatic cancer chemoth erapy.

Inhibitory effect of ginsenoside Rg3 on tumor neoangiogenesis / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To study the mechanism of inhibitory ef fect of ginsenoside Rg3 on tumor growth. Methods: The chick chor ioallantoic membrane(CAM) test and Lewis lung carcinoma model were used to inves tigate the inhibitory effect of Rg3 on tumor angiogenesis. Results: Rg3(0.1 or 0.5 mmol/L) obviously inhibited angiogenesis in the CAM. Treatmen t with Rg3 in vivo obviously inhibited Lewis lung carcinoma growth with the inhibition ratio from 23% to about 47%. We also observed that the angiogenesis in implanted Lewis lung carcinoma tissue decreased obviously after treated wit h Rg3 (5, 10, 20 mg/kg). Conclusion: Rg3 can obviously inhibit t he growth of Lewis lung cancer, the inhibitory effect partially due to the effec t of Rg3 inhibiting neovascularization induced by malignant tumor.